System architecture and communication interfaces

- System Architecture:

The communication between the sensor nodes and the gateway utilizes a wireless channel using the LoRa physical layer. On the other hand, the connection between the gateway and the central server is established through an IP-based backbone network.

- Wireless communication:

1. Standard LoRaWAN
2. LoRa Frequency US 902-928 (MHz)
3. Spreading factor 7-12
4. Emission power 22dB
5. Data rate 21.9 kbps (SF7 mode US915)
6. topological star model
7. Antenna 915MHz Right Angle 1×1
8. VSWR <2
9. Peak gain: 4.8 dBi
10. Efficiency: 69%

- Interface:

1. 24V/1A power input
2. 100Mbps Ethernet
3. USB2.0 Host Mode
4. Two RS485 ports (V+, A, B, V-)
5. Modbus RTU bus
6. reset button
7. SMA type external antenna