【物联网通信技术】——NB-IoT-海南世电科技

summarize

NB-IoT (Narrow Band Internet of Things) is a low-power wide-area network technology (LPWAN) that is mainly promoted by operators; IoTwireless communication networkis characterized by the need for low power consumption, wide coverage, massive data connections, and low rates. These characteristics have contributed to the rapid development of NB-IoT, especially driven by the three major operators in China.

Mobile networks are spreading all over the world due to the rapid development of cell phones, so the NB-IoT network, which is emerging with the help of mobile networks, is much better than our commonly usedWiFi,bluetooth,ZigBeeand other wireless short-range connectivity and gain more advantages. Compared to several other technologies for low-power WANs (LoRa(SigFox, eMTC), of which NB-IoT and eMTC are licensed bands used and built in cellular networks.NB-IoT consumes only about 180kHz of bandwidth, and can be directly deployed in GSM networks, UMTS networks, or LTE networks to reduce deployment costs and achieve smooth upgrades. As it can coexist with existing networks, it has been strongly promoted by operators, allowing the price of the product and the cost of deployment to be gradually reduced.

histories

The reason why NB-IoT is led by operators is because operators have found that the market demand for IoT is increasing, and many technologies for narrowband data transmission have emerged since the 1980s, with the ARDIS network (developed by Motoral in collaboration with IBM), Mobex (jointly developed by Ericsson and Televerket Radio), Alarm. net (Honeywell), etc. all transmit relevant data and services via narrowband technology.

However, with the rapid development of the GSM network, data services began to transfer to the 2G network, especially many companies began to integrate GPRS modules, allowing operators to quickly understand the rapid development of this market. The big names3GPP(The 3rd Generation Partnership Project) based on the energy of the entire wireless wide-area communication system, and likewise wants to dominate the entire IoT communication, so it spares no effort to promote the standard of IoT. Therefore, at the Mobile World Congress held in Barcelona, Spain in June 2016, the 3GPP conducted the organization to determine its technical name as NB-IoT.

NB-IoT发展路线图 — NB-IoT Development Roadmap

NB-IoT Features

NB-IoT can be deployed on different radio frequencies, with deployment methods such asstand-alone deployment(Stand alone),Protective belt deployment(Guard band),In-band deployment(In band). Literally, standalone deployment is the deployment of a separate frequency band without interference (800 MHz); protected band deployment is the utilization of the LTE system's edge-protected frequencies; and in-band deployment is the utilization of a certain frequency band of the LTE carrier.

operating frequency

Most operators around the world use the 900MHz band to deploy NB-IoT, with some deploying in the 800MHz band.

China Unicom's NB-IoT is deployed in the 900MHz and 1800MHz bands, with bandwidths of 6MHz and 20MHz, respectively. china Mobile will be granted an FDD license in order to build the NB-IoT IoT and will be allowed to replenish its existing 900MHz and 1800MHz bands, with a bandwidth of 10MHz. china Telecom's NB-IoT is deployed in the 800MHz band, with a bandwidth of 15MHz. China Telecom's NB-IoT is deployed in the 800MHz band with a bandwidth of 15MHz.

network coverage

In order to enhance signal coverage, its downlink channel, the network system improves the quality of its communication by repeatedly sending data to the terminal signal, which then combines the duplicated data to improve the quality of its communication. In the same frequency band, NB-IoT has a 20dB gain over existing networks, which is equivalent to a 100-fold increase in the ability to cover the area

Number of terminal connections

Capable of supporting tens of thousands of connections in a sector, especially in standalone deployments, with a capacity of over 100,000 Supports low latency sensitivity, ultra-low device cost, low device power consumption and optimized network architecture.

transmission rate

NB-IoT RF bandwidth is 200 kHz. downlink rate: greater than 160 Kbps, less than 250 Kbps. uplink rate: greater than 160 Kbps, less than 250 Kbps (Multi-tone)/200 Kbps (Single-tone).

power wastage

NB-IoT has two modes of operation to guarantee the dormancy of the communication module in order to allow it to operate with low power consumption, its communication only works for a short time at the agreed time to listen to signals from other devices, and the rest of the time it is in the off state. These two modes are PSM (Power Saving Mode) and eDRX (Extended Discontinuous Reception).

(manufacturing, production etc) costs

The communication protocol of NB-IoT is designed based on LTE, but the protocol stack in it is simplified, so the software and hardware costs are reduced accordingly to reduce the configuration, which also reduces the power consumption and extends the battery life.NB-IoT adopts a half-duplex communication method, and the end product cannot send and receive data at the same time, which also reduces the configuration of components to lower the cost.

safety

The NB-IoT network needs to provide a two-way identification and security channel between the user and the network to realize the secure transmission of signaling and user data. Security capabilities can also be opened based on the network access authentication function, i.e., business applications directly use the network layer authentication results or authentication parameters, no longer separately authenticate terminals, and reduce consumption due to dual-layer authentication of equipment

Network Stability

Due to the inclusion of carriers, stability and reliability are guaranteed, providing carrier-grade reliability access and stable support for IoT application scenarios